Reblogged 5000 times on tumblr, so it should prolly be archived here.
Seriously how do you html I don't have to do everything by hand do I? That sucks.
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Looks like this essay was needed, so I went ahead and did it. Not sure I said everything I wanted to say, but I tried.
So, there’s this girl. She’s tragically orphaned and richer than anyone on the planet. Every guy she meets falls in love with her, but in between torrid romances she rejects them all because she dedicated to what is Pure and Good. She has genius level intellect, Olympic-athelete level athletic ability and incredible good looks. She is consumed by terrible angst, but this only makes guys want her more. She has no superhuman abilities, yet she is more competent than her superhuman friends and defeats superhumans with ease. She has unshakably loyal friends and allies, despite the fact she treats them pretty badly. They fear and respect her, and defer to her orders. Everyone is obsessed with her, even her enemies are attracted to her. She can plan ahead for anything and she’s generally right with any conclusion she makes. People who defy her are inevitably wrong.
God, what a Mary Sue.
I just described Batman.
Wish fulfillment characters have been around since the beginning of time. The good guys tend to win, get the girl and have everything fall into place for them. It’s only when women started doing it that it became a problem.
TV Tropes on the origin of Mary Sue:
The prototypical Mary Sue is an original female character in a fanfic who obviously serves as an idealized version of the author mainly for the purpose of Wish Fulfillment.
Notice the strange emphasis on female here. TV Tropes goes on to say that is took a long time for the male counterpart “Marty Stu” to be used. “Most fanfic writers are girls” is given as the reason. So when women dominate a genre, that means people are on close watch, ready to scorn any wish fulfillment they may engage in. This term could only originate if the default was female.
In fact, one of the CONTROVERSIES listed on the TV Tropes page is if a male sue is even possible. That’s right, it’s impossible to have an idealizied male character. Men are already the ideal.
In our culture, male tends to be the default. Women take on the distaff parts. “Him” and “mankind” are what humanity are, “her” and “womankind” are secondary. Yet this isn’t true for Mary Sue as a term. That name was created first. It was a Star Trek fic that coined it and the female desigination was likely a big reason it caught on. This female is name the default to use when describing idealized characters. Marty Stu and Gary Stu are only to be used if you’re discussing men specifically. Heck, there isn’t even an agreed upon term for them. So the only time female can be default is when discussing a badly written character, someone who is more powerful or important or liked than they should be allowed to be, someone the plot focuses on more than you would like, someone you don’t want to read about. Hmmm.
What’s really wrong with a thirteen year old girl having a power fantasy, even if it’s badly written? Who is it hurting? Men have baldly admitted to writing power fantasies and self inserts since the beginning of time. How many nerdy, schlubby guys suddenly become badasses and have hot girls chasing after them in fiction? See: Spiderman- blatant everyman who happens to stumble across amazing powers and catch the eye of a supermodel. Mary Sue is considered the worst insult to throw at a character as it renders them worthless. But since when are idealized characters automatically worthless? Aren’t all heroes idealized in some way? Don’t all heroes represent the author in some way? Aren’t these characters supposed to be people we look up to, people who represent human potential, the goodness that we strive for? Fantasy by nature is idealized, even the tragic ones.
If you look at the TV Tropes page for Mary Sue, it’s ridiculous. You can be a sue for having too many flaws, or not enough, for fixing things or messing things up, for being a hero or a villain. And of course, this is specifically pointed out as a trope related to the Princess and Magical Girl genres- genres aimed towards women are naturally full of Mary Sues. Magical girls are powerful and heroic and actually flaunt femininity as a good thing. They are a power fantasy designed for girls. So of course, a girl using traditionally feminine traits to dominate and triumph means she’s a sickeningly pure Mary Sue who makes everything go their way. Feminine traits are disdained and look down on, so when the positive feminine traits are prominent, the reader has an aversive reaction. How can a character be so feminine and triumph? She must be unrealistic, she must be badly written, because everyone knows it is impossible to be feminine and powerful.
Let’s look at what kinds of Mary Sues people will point to. People will claim a female character is a Mary Sue if she is a love interest. Put a female character within a foot of a male character, and people will scream “Mary Sue!” Why does someone falling in love with her make her a Mary Sue? Well, she hasn’t “earned” this awesome dude character’s love. What has she done to show she’s worthy of him? Fans miss the irony that this line of logic makes the male character seem more like the Sue in Question, as he’s apparently so perfect one has work for his coveted love and praise.
The idea that woman has to “earn” any power, praise, love, or plot prominence is central to Mary Sue. Men do not have to do this, they are naturally assumed to be powerful, central and loveable. That’s why it’s the first thing thrown at a female character- what has she done to be given the same consideration as a male character? Why is she suddenly usurping a male role? “Mary Sue” is the easiest way to dismiss a character. It sounds bad to say “I don’t like this female character. I don’t like that this woman is powerful. I don’t like it when the plot focuses on her. I don’t like that a character I like has affections for her.” But “Mary Sue” is a way to say these things without really saying them. It gives you legitimacy.
If a character is badly written, there’s generally something much more problematic than idealization going on. The plot will be dull and the character will perpetuate harmful stereotypes while other characters act oddly. For instance, Bella Swan is one of the only characters I’d even begin to classify as a Mary Sue, yet it’s not really her supposed Mary Sue traits that bother me. I don’t mind that she gets what she wants and everyone loves her, that she’s Meyer’s power fantasy. What I actually mind is that Stephenie Meyer has her perpetuate harmful anti-woman stereotypes- women need to be protected, women are shallow, women’s worth rests in desirability. That’s what’s actually harmful about her and worth discussing. I would criticize that rather than even get to the fact Bella got to be “too perfect and powerful”- that’s just a tiny, insignificant thing not worth mentioning in a huge pile of problems.
And that’s why I don’t call characters Mary Sue anymore. There’s really nothing bad about a power fantasy or wish fulfillment. It’s what’s fiction’s about. If one of my characters is called a Sue, I’ll proudly say “yep”, because that must mean that she broke out of that box a female character is supposed to be in. So I’ll go and say it: I love me some Mary Sues.
Post script:
I’ll just say that the fact there’s not an agreed upon consensus for Mary Sue is sort of the point of the article and why it basically means “female character” at this point.
Yes there is such a thing as perfect characters that overtake the plot.
My point wasn’t that there’s no such thing, but that it only bothers people when they’re female and the term started because it bothers people when they’re female and VERY QUICKLY came to mean “any female character”.
I pointed to Bella Swan as an example. The point is, if a genuine “Sue” does exist, there’s generally waaaay more problematic things going on than a female character being powerful. You’ll have lookism and stereotypes up the wazoo. Focus on that shit. It’s more difficult than crying “Sue!” but ultimately more worthwhile.
I do think characters need to earn their happy ending, need to run the gauntlet absolutely. But guys are allowed to have skills right off the bat that girls will be “sued” for.
My example: Winry Rockbell vs. Edward Elric- since that’s what started this whole thing.
Winry is called a Sue for being a skilled mechanic. What did she do to earn her genius level abilities, huh?
Edward Elric is NOT a sue for the same genius level skill in alchemy right off the bat.
Winry is a Sue for being helpful to the plot and “not earning” Ed’s love. No one cares about Ed being helpful to the plot and he does not need to earn Winry’s love.
That’s how the Mary Sue double standard works.
Hahahaha I knew people would be pissed at the Batman thing. Yep, there’s no single Batman either. But the overall concept is a thing, and it’s complete wish fulfillment- and it’s why Batman can be insufferable and problematic in some versions.
Tuesday, December 20, 2011
The Misadventures of Comic Book Girl
Are there any html options here? I would like to put this behind a cut.
This is a piece I did for my Creative Nonfiction class this year, my totally biased True Lifetime Account of being a feminist comic book fan. My class and teacher liked it, so here you go.
The Misadventures of Comic Book Girl
The last thing a perky young fan expects to hear in a room at a comic convention is the writer the panel is centered on saying he has fantasized about shooting girls like her in the face. When it happened, my mouth went dry, like a loaded weapon had actually been leveled at my face. My lips felt blubbery and heavy and my insides turned to jelly. Nevertheless, I raised my shaking fingers and kept my eyes on the scraggly bearded face of this man who apparently hated me. I was going to let him know I was in the room, that I had heard what he thought of me. Being invisible seemed to be the default state for a female superhero comic book fan, but I wanted to be heard.
When I was thirteen, I got into comics through a love for crime fighting cartoons. Before actually sitting through an episode of Teen Titans, I’d been convinced that most female superheroes were just token girls who were there to wear a skimpy skirt and look pretty while the macho men flexed their muscles. But actually watching the cartoons showed girls with different personalities, powers and roles struggling against the forces of evil. I’d always secretly fantasized about saving the day and punching evil in the face. I was a powerless girl who could only sit and listen to her parents fight and who could only hiss and spit when people looked down on her. So the idea of becoming someone else-someone in bright colors that could combat the injustices of the world with a smart mouth and a pair of fists- naturally appealed to me. Before I knew it, I was at a local comic book store, wide eyed at the array of colorful titles offered. There were a lot of different groups, and a lot of the titles even headlined women. There was a rich and complicated continuity to get into, but I’d always been fond of extensive backstories and webs of complicated character relationships, so it was no problem for me.
My favorite character quickly became Stephanie Brown. She was a determined girl from a lower-class family with a criminal father. Despite having very little training, she rebelled against her dad and fought crime with nothing but her athletic ability and tenacity. She had to deal with realistic problems unwanted pregnancy and a mother addicted to prescription medication, but she remained cheerful and snarky despite the dark world around her. She didn’t let anyone tell her what to do, even Batman, the Alpha male of the comic book universe. She eventually became Batman’s first female Robin- the Girl Wonder.
There was just one problem. Her tenure as Robin lasted only three issues before she was fired and the comics gruesomely killed her off. She was tortured with a power drill by a male villain, then shot in the chest and kicked down a flight of stairs. Her death was blamed on her in-story- it was her fault she died because she simply wasn’t cut out for the job of being Batman’s sidekick. She did not get a memorial like other dead heroes. She was simply forgotten.
This sort of thing was not an uncommon fate for female superheroes. A term had even been coined for it, Women in Refrigerators, named for the infamous moment where Green Lantern found his girlfriend’s corpse nicely cooled for him in his fridge courtesy of the sadistic villain of the week. Female superheroes were constantly being killed, raped or depowered to give the men around them some all-important angst. What drew me to superhero comics was the wide variety of women fighting crime in funny costumes, but within the story, the women were considered disposable. Race was an issue, too. Stephanie’s best friend was Cassandra Cain, a young Eurasian woman who acted as Batgirl. She happened to be the only member of Batman’s supporting cast who wasn’t chalk white. Not long after Stephanie died, Cassandra turned inexplicably evil and her switch in moral code coincided with a convenient drop in fighting abilitiwa so she could lose to her righteous male opponent as well as a full Dragon-Lady makeover complete with ruby lips, bloodred nails and cackling galore.
Despite the problems within the comics themselves, I found the comic book nerd community to be quite accepting at first. As many women seemed to come into my local comic ship as men, and there was a small but thriving feminist comic book fan community online. Forums like GirlWonder.org headed letter campaigns to comics companies demanding better treatment for characters like Stephanie and Cassandra, and sites like When Fangirls Attack did a weekly roundup that linked all the post made by female comics bloggers. I started up my own blog and made several friends, including an expert on Wonder Woman and a fanartist who did excellent comic strips parodying DC Comics. I assumed that everyone in the community was like this, and the comics simply hadn’t caught up with their audience yet.
Wandering outside the specifically feminist communities and into general comic book forums was my first clue that there was in fact a clear divide between “me” and “them”. I tried dipping my toes in one general comics forum, and was surprised to find when I stated what I took to be fact- that female heroes were put in skimpy costumes and sexualized poses and that was likely one of the reasons a lot of women weren’t attracted to comics-the members immediately started a heated argument with me. There was nothing wrong with women being sexy! Men were objectified in comics too, have you SEEN those muscles? “You gals” couldn’t complain as long as the men still looked fit, I was told. I put together a handy list of links and pointed my opponent to the great number of resources outlining the issues with women in comics, but he told me all that proved was “there was a lot of angry young women out there who feel left out”. This baffled me. Why would he want to admit that comics are shutting out a potential audience, especially considering how much the industry was struggling?
It wasn’t until I got a job at my comic shop that I got into real life debates. My little comic shop was three minutes away from the house- it was small and struggling, but the guy who ran it, Darrin was incredibly friendly and also had a wife and baby daughter that hung around a lot. He would laugh with and tease them, and he had that sort of jovial manner with everyone. I was among one of his first customers, and when I was seventeen I asked for a job and he gave me one. I sometimes feared I was more of a burden than a help, but I loved the job. I was a background fixture in the comic shop, stacking up white boxes, sealing the colored pamphlets in airtight plastic and reinforcing them with cardboard backing like they were precious museum pieces, occasionally clumsily ringing up a customer. It allowed me to hear a lot of nerd debates, typically of the “who-would-win-in-a-fight” variety, the kind I considered myself far too discerning to be interested in. But I broke this golden rule when one day as two customers engaged in an intense debate about comic book theology as I bagged and boarded behind them.
“So, if the superheroes in the DC Universe were gods…obviously, Batman would have to be part of the pantheon. And Superman. And the Flash. And Green Lantern…and…”
Now that all the big name dudes had been covered, of course they were stumped, I thought to myself wryly. I wasn’t particularly interested in this train of thought, but then I decided to supply, “Wonder Woman.”
The men’s heads jerked around simultaneously, as if they had thought it was a voiceless apparition who had been sealing plastic bags beside them for the past ten minutes. They were both pale and brunette with nondescript features. They would have been interchangeable, except one was larger and wore a baseball cap.
“No. Not Wonder Woman,” said the larger one.
“But…why? Wonder Woman is an actual goddess. The Greek Gods created her. She has gifts of the gods. She became to Goddess of Truth that time she died”.
“Yeah, but that’s it, she had to be MADE a Goddess when she died. In [insert random comic book issue number here] Zeus said Superman was a cosmological being. She’s not as powerful as Superman so she doesn’t get to be on the pantheon,” he said, as if that should be blindingly obvious to anyone in this shop.
I could have pointed out the Batman was not as powerful as Superman OR Wonder Woman and yet got to be included, but I was too busy sputtering at the last statement, “But…she can hold her own in a fight against Superman. She can beat him. She has multiple times in the comics.”
“No, she can’t.”
“Yes, she can,” I reamed out my own list of issue numbers as examples.
“Yeah, it’s crap. Superman has heat vision, so he should be more powerful because he has a long range weapon. He’s also stronger.”
“I like Wonder Woman, though,” his friend protested. I was almost touched by this unexpected show of support.
“You can like her all you want, but you can’t deny she’s not as strong,” my opponent lectured him. His friend shrugged noncommittally at this and looked back at me, choosing neutrality over opposing a bro.
“Strength isn’t everything.” I shot out. “She has warrior training and faster reflexes than him because of it. I heard that was confirmed in the most recent Justice League. As for long range weapons, she has a endless and unbreakable lasso and her tiara-”
“Yeah, she has TOYS.”
“Weapons that she can use effectively…and it’s her own power that’s connected to the lasso, which again, is an instrument of the gods-”
I could feel my face heating up and the burning feeling in my chest seemed entirely too intense for an argument about which fictional character could fight better. It was him and his smug expression, his curled lip and dismissive eyes, and his absolute refusal to accept that a woman could ever be included in his little collection of idols. Any woman would have force their way into this boy’s club, the same way this stupid chick had forced her way in HIS comic shop and HIS conversation. I suddenly wished I had my own lasso of truth so I could make him admit it. It would be so much easier for everyone.
“C’mon, Caitlin, you have to get to work bagging these over here,” my boss Darrin called. I jerked my head towards him as the man I was arguing with guffawed. “You better stop giving her orders, Darrin, or she’ll tie you up and take over the shop like a strong woman should!”
I clenched my fists so hard that my knuckles cracked under my thumbs. I kept my arms stiff and looked away, my hair covering my face. One minute, I had felt like I was part of the architecture of this store, just another geek in geek heaven, but now I had been singled out- labeled by this guy as some raging manhater who didn’t belong here. I walked away as he hollered at the back of my head “Hey, just kidding! You’re way too intense about this!”
My first comic book convention only gave me more fuel for my “intensity”. Though there were several women at the con, I still caught the eyes of roving packs of boys. As I rode down the escalator to the packed room of colorful booths and spandex clad fans, I noticed the group of boys on the opposite stairwell openly staring at my chest. I convinced myself they must be looking at the Wonder Woman T-shirt. They couldn’t be staring at my breasts; those things never been ample enough to garner attention. But maybe they were, because I heard one of their deep voices echo as they swarmed away “a lot more ladies at the con this year,” I let the escalator carry me down, not quite believing I had heard right.
I continued to garner attention at the conventions every year, mostly for loudly making my opinions known at panels. The Chief Editor at DC Comics asked us all of the attendants what the first comic we had ever read was during one event. He gave me a very weird look when I responded “Archie”. I blushed a little, but wondered what he expected from me. Little girls didn’t go into comic shops. It’s not like I could have found one of his titles at a local grocery store. He may have found me odd, but his assistant editor liked me enough that she wrote about my “smart and forthright opinions” in the weekly column I that ran in the back of comic books, referring to me by name and pegging me as the future of industry. I remember squealing in the middle of the library when I found those words in the back of my Supergirl. I vowed to continue to be “forthright”. I caused a stir when I dared to thank an artist for giving Supergirl shorts under her skirt in the middle of a panel. This prompted a lot of internet journalism about the simple article of fictional clothing, and also motivated a bulky guy at a booth of convention merchandise to thrust a meaty arm in my face, displaying a tattoo of Supergirl.
“She doesn’t wear shorts,” he said, trembling with defiance.
“That’s….that’s nice…” I decided not to purchase anything from this booth.
I grew into adulthood and comics didn’t seem to be changing at all. All the female driven titles I followed seemed to get canceled one after another. Even my beloved boss teased me for “always focusing on woman power”. The assistant editor who had praised me eventually left the company. I could still cause a stir at conventions simply by being myself, but in the end, people didn’t really listen to me. I pointed out at a panel that a lot of characters of color were being killed off in order for white heroes to take over, only to get the response from the editor “Comics are plenty diverse- we have all the colors, even purple and green characters!” He also thanked me for being more “polite” than the other girl at the panel, who had made her dissatisfaction with the company very clear. It didn’t feel like a compliment.
The worst panel I ever experienced was one centered around Bill Willingham, the man who had written Stephanie Brown’s gruesome death at the behest of the editors. The letter campaign to get Stephanie some respect had actually had an impact, and Stephanie’s death had recently been reversed. Her death had been faked! Batman knew about it since Batman knows everything, hence the lack of memorials! Welcome back to Gotham, Stephanie, hope you aren’t too cold from your stay in the fridge! The whole thing had given me hope that fans like me really could get the industry to listen to us and change.
I felt the familiar sensation of a slight punch in the gut when a guy in the audience complained to Willingham about Stephanie being bought back. But that gutpunch quickly turned to the feeling of being hit by a truck when the writer responded “You know, all those girls constantly riding us about her death…I won’t lie, I just wanted to shoot some of them in the face.”
I had written letters to “riding them” about the death. So it felt like it was me he’d fantasized about doing violence to me, simply because I spoke out. Granted, he probably hadn’t expected one of “those girls” to hear him say this. I was one of the only three girls in the room, wedged way in the back. Nevertheless, I felt like a burning spotlight was on me. I had to say something. I couldn’t let this go unchallenged.
I raised a hesitant hand and croaked a little to call attention to myself. “I-I that’s a…why would you say that…you shouldn’t be angry at people for being passionate about characters…
“Oh no, we love your passion,” he flashed me a large white grin as he looked right through me. “It’s great to get fans angry. It means they’re talking about the comics. They get angry, you know, but they keep buying anyway.” He laughed. I couldn’t bring myself to speak anymore.
I reported what he had said later over my blog. Willingham caught wind of it, and his response was to deny he had ever said such a thing over Twitter, despite the roomful of witnesses who had heard him. I suppose he must have felt secure that no one would care to back me up. He was a comic book bigshot and I was just some girl. He could get away with the lie. The readers of my blog believed me and one of them even tried to write about it, but in the face of overwhelming opposition, all we could do was write it off as just another awful day of being a feminist comic book fan.
I suppose what kept me going after that was that as repugnant as Bill Willingham was, there were professionals in the industry I trusted. Gail Simone, the woman who had coined the “Woman in Refrigerators” term was pretty much DC’s only female writer, but she was an open feminist who wrote women consistently well and actually talked to her fans online. She was only one woman, but I considered her “one of us” and held out hope she could change the industry from within.
But even Gail seemed to be toeing the company line after a while. She defended the blow up doll art on one of her books by saying the artist’s style was “sleek and sexy”. She started claiming the trend she had named was mostly dying out now, though I saw absolutely no evidence of this. When people criticized something she wrote, she was always quick to remind us she was one of the most progressive in the industry. “Yeah, but in the comics industry, that’s not saying much,” a fan replied. I still liked her, though I was more wary than I had been before.
But my trust in her was shattered completely when a “reboot” of DC comics meant that Barbara Gordon, the only disabled hero in comics, was going to be “fixed” so she could return to her “iconic” status of Batgirl. This meant that character was going from the independent team leader Oracle to a distaff counterpart of Batman, leaving the other women who had taken the Batgirl role on out of a job. Gail defended this erasure of a disabled character. She was even going to write the new Batgirl title. I felt as if the last thread connecting me to comics had been snapped. Why was I still doing this? I was giving them my money when they gave me nothing back but scorn. It was all under the pretense of “not giving up” because I deserved to enjoy these characters; that I deserved to believe the industry could change. I liked to feel like I was “fighting them”. But Gail Simone had “fought” them too, only to become one of them in the end. Would that happen to me if I kept buying? These people didn’t deserve me as a customer.
So I broke away. I still loved the art form, so I drifted more towards manga. There was still a lot of sexism, especially considering how conservative Japanese culture in general can be, but the wider range of titles allowed me to avoid the worst of it and find some pretty feminist stuff, and I didn’t feel as suffocated by an insular, inbred industry. It was nice to read titles like Sailor Moon where the women were superheroes in no danger of being fridged for male angst, because the story was really all about them and nobody else. There were also a lot more female artists to discover- I didn’t have to pin my hopes on one “Gail Simone”.
I still go to the comic book store and keep in touch with the community. I’ll never give up my Wonder Woman shirt. I love the characters and I love the potential of comics. I have my own idea for a superhero epic and if I can find a talented artist or improve my own skills, maybe I can publish it myself someday. I may have let the boys have their clubhouse, but it’s falling apart on them. I can work on building my own, and when it’s done, I’ll invite everyone in.
This is a piece I did for my Creative Nonfiction class this year, my totally biased True Lifetime Account of being a feminist comic book fan. My class and teacher liked it, so here you go.
The Misadventures of Comic Book Girl
The last thing a perky young fan expects to hear in a room at a comic convention is the writer the panel is centered on saying he has fantasized about shooting girls like her in the face. When it happened, my mouth went dry, like a loaded weapon had actually been leveled at my face. My lips felt blubbery and heavy and my insides turned to jelly. Nevertheless, I raised my shaking fingers and kept my eyes on the scraggly bearded face of this man who apparently hated me. I was going to let him know I was in the room, that I had heard what he thought of me. Being invisible seemed to be the default state for a female superhero comic book fan, but I wanted to be heard.
When I was thirteen, I got into comics through a love for crime fighting cartoons. Before actually sitting through an episode of Teen Titans, I’d been convinced that most female superheroes were just token girls who were there to wear a skimpy skirt and look pretty while the macho men flexed their muscles. But actually watching the cartoons showed girls with different personalities, powers and roles struggling against the forces of evil. I’d always secretly fantasized about saving the day and punching evil in the face. I was a powerless girl who could only sit and listen to her parents fight and who could only hiss and spit when people looked down on her. So the idea of becoming someone else-someone in bright colors that could combat the injustices of the world with a smart mouth and a pair of fists- naturally appealed to me. Before I knew it, I was at a local comic book store, wide eyed at the array of colorful titles offered. There were a lot of different groups, and a lot of the titles even headlined women. There was a rich and complicated continuity to get into, but I’d always been fond of extensive backstories and webs of complicated character relationships, so it was no problem for me.
My favorite character quickly became Stephanie Brown. She was a determined girl from a lower-class family with a criminal father. Despite having very little training, she rebelled against her dad and fought crime with nothing but her athletic ability and tenacity. She had to deal with realistic problems unwanted pregnancy and a mother addicted to prescription medication, but she remained cheerful and snarky despite the dark world around her. She didn’t let anyone tell her what to do, even Batman, the Alpha male of the comic book universe. She eventually became Batman’s first female Robin- the Girl Wonder.
There was just one problem. Her tenure as Robin lasted only three issues before she was fired and the comics gruesomely killed her off. She was tortured with a power drill by a male villain, then shot in the chest and kicked down a flight of stairs. Her death was blamed on her in-story- it was her fault she died because she simply wasn’t cut out for the job of being Batman’s sidekick. She did not get a memorial like other dead heroes. She was simply forgotten.
This sort of thing was not an uncommon fate for female superheroes. A term had even been coined for it, Women in Refrigerators, named for the infamous moment where Green Lantern found his girlfriend’s corpse nicely cooled for him in his fridge courtesy of the sadistic villain of the week. Female superheroes were constantly being killed, raped or depowered to give the men around them some all-important angst. What drew me to superhero comics was the wide variety of women fighting crime in funny costumes, but within the story, the women were considered disposable. Race was an issue, too. Stephanie’s best friend was Cassandra Cain, a young Eurasian woman who acted as Batgirl. She happened to be the only member of Batman’s supporting cast who wasn’t chalk white. Not long after Stephanie died, Cassandra turned inexplicably evil and her switch in moral code coincided with a convenient drop in fighting abilitiwa so she could lose to her righteous male opponent as well as a full Dragon-Lady makeover complete with ruby lips, bloodred nails and cackling galore.
Despite the problems within the comics themselves, I found the comic book nerd community to be quite accepting at first. As many women seemed to come into my local comic ship as men, and there was a small but thriving feminist comic book fan community online. Forums like GirlWonder.org headed letter campaigns to comics companies demanding better treatment for characters like Stephanie and Cassandra, and sites like When Fangirls Attack did a weekly roundup that linked all the post made by female comics bloggers. I started up my own blog and made several friends, including an expert on Wonder Woman and a fanartist who did excellent comic strips parodying DC Comics. I assumed that everyone in the community was like this, and the comics simply hadn’t caught up with their audience yet.
Wandering outside the specifically feminist communities and into general comic book forums was my first clue that there was in fact a clear divide between “me” and “them”. I tried dipping my toes in one general comics forum, and was surprised to find when I stated what I took to be fact- that female heroes were put in skimpy costumes and sexualized poses and that was likely one of the reasons a lot of women weren’t attracted to comics-the members immediately started a heated argument with me. There was nothing wrong with women being sexy! Men were objectified in comics too, have you SEEN those muscles? “You gals” couldn’t complain as long as the men still looked fit, I was told. I put together a handy list of links and pointed my opponent to the great number of resources outlining the issues with women in comics, but he told me all that proved was “there was a lot of angry young women out there who feel left out”. This baffled me. Why would he want to admit that comics are shutting out a potential audience, especially considering how much the industry was struggling?
It wasn’t until I got a job at my comic shop that I got into real life debates. My little comic shop was three minutes away from the house- it was small and struggling, but the guy who ran it, Darrin was incredibly friendly and also had a wife and baby daughter that hung around a lot. He would laugh with and tease them, and he had that sort of jovial manner with everyone. I was among one of his first customers, and when I was seventeen I asked for a job and he gave me one. I sometimes feared I was more of a burden than a help, but I loved the job. I was a background fixture in the comic shop, stacking up white boxes, sealing the colored pamphlets in airtight plastic and reinforcing them with cardboard backing like they were precious museum pieces, occasionally clumsily ringing up a customer. It allowed me to hear a lot of nerd debates, typically of the “who-would-win-in-a-fight” variety, the kind I considered myself far too discerning to be interested in. But I broke this golden rule when one day as two customers engaged in an intense debate about comic book theology as I bagged and boarded behind them.
“So, if the superheroes in the DC Universe were gods…obviously, Batman would have to be part of the pantheon. And Superman. And the Flash. And Green Lantern…and…”
Now that all the big name dudes had been covered, of course they were stumped, I thought to myself wryly. I wasn’t particularly interested in this train of thought, but then I decided to supply, “Wonder Woman.”
The men’s heads jerked around simultaneously, as if they had thought it was a voiceless apparition who had been sealing plastic bags beside them for the past ten minutes. They were both pale and brunette with nondescript features. They would have been interchangeable, except one was larger and wore a baseball cap.
“No. Not Wonder Woman,” said the larger one.
“But…why? Wonder Woman is an actual goddess. The Greek Gods created her. She has gifts of the gods. She became to Goddess of Truth that time she died”.
“Yeah, but that’s it, she had to be MADE a Goddess when she died. In [insert random comic book issue number here] Zeus said Superman was a cosmological being. She’s not as powerful as Superman so she doesn’t get to be on the pantheon,” he said, as if that should be blindingly obvious to anyone in this shop.
I could have pointed out the Batman was not as powerful as Superman OR Wonder Woman and yet got to be included, but I was too busy sputtering at the last statement, “But…she can hold her own in a fight against Superman. She can beat him. She has multiple times in the comics.”
“No, she can’t.”
“Yes, she can,” I reamed out my own list of issue numbers as examples.
“Yeah, it’s crap. Superman has heat vision, so he should be more powerful because he has a long range weapon. He’s also stronger.”
“I like Wonder Woman, though,” his friend protested. I was almost touched by this unexpected show of support.
“You can like her all you want, but you can’t deny she’s not as strong,” my opponent lectured him. His friend shrugged noncommittally at this and looked back at me, choosing neutrality over opposing a bro.
“Strength isn’t everything.” I shot out. “She has warrior training and faster reflexes than him because of it. I heard that was confirmed in the most recent Justice League. As for long range weapons, she has a endless and unbreakable lasso and her tiara-”
“Yeah, she has TOYS.”
“Weapons that she can use effectively…and it’s her own power that’s connected to the lasso, which again, is an instrument of the gods-”
I could feel my face heating up and the burning feeling in my chest seemed entirely too intense for an argument about which fictional character could fight better. It was him and his smug expression, his curled lip and dismissive eyes, and his absolute refusal to accept that a woman could ever be included in his little collection of idols. Any woman would have force their way into this boy’s club, the same way this stupid chick had forced her way in HIS comic shop and HIS conversation. I suddenly wished I had my own lasso of truth so I could make him admit it. It would be so much easier for everyone.
“C’mon, Caitlin, you have to get to work bagging these over here,” my boss Darrin called. I jerked my head towards him as the man I was arguing with guffawed. “You better stop giving her orders, Darrin, or she’ll tie you up and take over the shop like a strong woman should!”
I clenched my fists so hard that my knuckles cracked under my thumbs. I kept my arms stiff and looked away, my hair covering my face. One minute, I had felt like I was part of the architecture of this store, just another geek in geek heaven, but now I had been singled out- labeled by this guy as some raging manhater who didn’t belong here. I walked away as he hollered at the back of my head “Hey, just kidding! You’re way too intense about this!”
My first comic book convention only gave me more fuel for my “intensity”. Though there were several women at the con, I still caught the eyes of roving packs of boys. As I rode down the escalator to the packed room of colorful booths and spandex clad fans, I noticed the group of boys on the opposite stairwell openly staring at my chest. I convinced myself they must be looking at the Wonder Woman T-shirt. They couldn’t be staring at my breasts; those things never been ample enough to garner attention. But maybe they were, because I heard one of their deep voices echo as they swarmed away “a lot more ladies at the con this year,” I let the escalator carry me down, not quite believing I had heard right.
I continued to garner attention at the conventions every year, mostly for loudly making my opinions known at panels. The Chief Editor at DC Comics asked us all of the attendants what the first comic we had ever read was during one event. He gave me a very weird look when I responded “Archie”. I blushed a little, but wondered what he expected from me. Little girls didn’t go into comic shops. It’s not like I could have found one of his titles at a local grocery store. He may have found me odd, but his assistant editor liked me enough that she wrote about my “smart and forthright opinions” in the weekly column I that ran in the back of comic books, referring to me by name and pegging me as the future of industry. I remember squealing in the middle of the library when I found those words in the back of my Supergirl. I vowed to continue to be “forthright”. I caused a stir when I dared to thank an artist for giving Supergirl shorts under her skirt in the middle of a panel. This prompted a lot of internet journalism about the simple article of fictional clothing, and also motivated a bulky guy at a booth of convention merchandise to thrust a meaty arm in my face, displaying a tattoo of Supergirl.
“She doesn’t wear shorts,” he said, trembling with defiance.
“That’s….that’s nice…” I decided not to purchase anything from this booth.
I grew into adulthood and comics didn’t seem to be changing at all. All the female driven titles I followed seemed to get canceled one after another. Even my beloved boss teased me for “always focusing on woman power”. The assistant editor who had praised me eventually left the company. I could still cause a stir at conventions simply by being myself, but in the end, people didn’t really listen to me. I pointed out at a panel that a lot of characters of color were being killed off in order for white heroes to take over, only to get the response from the editor “Comics are plenty diverse- we have all the colors, even purple and green characters!” He also thanked me for being more “polite” than the other girl at the panel, who had made her dissatisfaction with the company very clear. It didn’t feel like a compliment.
The worst panel I ever experienced was one centered around Bill Willingham, the man who had written Stephanie Brown’s gruesome death at the behest of the editors. The letter campaign to get Stephanie some respect had actually had an impact, and Stephanie’s death had recently been reversed. Her death had been faked! Batman knew about it since Batman knows everything, hence the lack of memorials! Welcome back to Gotham, Stephanie, hope you aren’t too cold from your stay in the fridge! The whole thing had given me hope that fans like me really could get the industry to listen to us and change.
I felt the familiar sensation of a slight punch in the gut when a guy in the audience complained to Willingham about Stephanie being bought back. But that gutpunch quickly turned to the feeling of being hit by a truck when the writer responded “You know, all those girls constantly riding us about her death…I won’t lie, I just wanted to shoot some of them in the face.”
I had written letters to “riding them” about the death. So it felt like it was me he’d fantasized about doing violence to me, simply because I spoke out. Granted, he probably hadn’t expected one of “those girls” to hear him say this. I was one of the only three girls in the room, wedged way in the back. Nevertheless, I felt like a burning spotlight was on me. I had to say something. I couldn’t let this go unchallenged.
I raised a hesitant hand and croaked a little to call attention to myself. “I-I that’s a…why would you say that…you shouldn’t be angry at people for being passionate about characters…
“Oh no, we love your passion,” he flashed me a large white grin as he looked right through me. “It’s great to get fans angry. It means they’re talking about the comics. They get angry, you know, but they keep buying anyway.” He laughed. I couldn’t bring myself to speak anymore.
I reported what he had said later over my blog. Willingham caught wind of it, and his response was to deny he had ever said such a thing over Twitter, despite the roomful of witnesses who had heard him. I suppose he must have felt secure that no one would care to back me up. He was a comic book bigshot and I was just some girl. He could get away with the lie. The readers of my blog believed me and one of them even tried to write about it, but in the face of overwhelming opposition, all we could do was write it off as just another awful day of being a feminist comic book fan.
I suppose what kept me going after that was that as repugnant as Bill Willingham was, there were professionals in the industry I trusted. Gail Simone, the woman who had coined the “Woman in Refrigerators” term was pretty much DC’s only female writer, but she was an open feminist who wrote women consistently well and actually talked to her fans online. She was only one woman, but I considered her “one of us” and held out hope she could change the industry from within.
But even Gail seemed to be toeing the company line after a while. She defended the blow up doll art on one of her books by saying the artist’s style was “sleek and sexy”. She started claiming the trend she had named was mostly dying out now, though I saw absolutely no evidence of this. When people criticized something she wrote, she was always quick to remind us she was one of the most progressive in the industry. “Yeah, but in the comics industry, that’s not saying much,” a fan replied. I still liked her, though I was more wary than I had been before.
But my trust in her was shattered completely when a “reboot” of DC comics meant that Barbara Gordon, the only disabled hero in comics, was going to be “fixed” so she could return to her “iconic” status of Batgirl. This meant that character was going from the independent team leader Oracle to a distaff counterpart of Batman, leaving the other women who had taken the Batgirl role on out of a job. Gail defended this erasure of a disabled character. She was even going to write the new Batgirl title. I felt as if the last thread connecting me to comics had been snapped. Why was I still doing this? I was giving them my money when they gave me nothing back but scorn. It was all under the pretense of “not giving up” because I deserved to enjoy these characters; that I deserved to believe the industry could change. I liked to feel like I was “fighting them”. But Gail Simone had “fought” them too, only to become one of them in the end. Would that happen to me if I kept buying? These people didn’t deserve me as a customer.
So I broke away. I still loved the art form, so I drifted more towards manga. There was still a lot of sexism, especially considering how conservative Japanese culture in general can be, but the wider range of titles allowed me to avoid the worst of it and find some pretty feminist stuff, and I didn’t feel as suffocated by an insular, inbred industry. It was nice to read titles like Sailor Moon where the women were superheroes in no danger of being fridged for male angst, because the story was really all about them and nobody else. There were also a lot more female artists to discover- I didn’t have to pin my hopes on one “Gail Simone”.
I still go to the comic book store and keep in touch with the community. I’ll never give up my Wonder Woman shirt. I love the characters and I love the potential of comics. I have my own idea for a superhero epic and if I can find a talented artist or improve my own skills, maybe I can publish it myself someday. I may have let the boys have their clubhouse, but it’s falling apart on them. I can work on building my own, and when it’s done, I’ll invite everyone in.
So I've decided to make use of this blog
Over the Winter Break I decided it would be cool to use this as a repository for all my super long essays and I've written over the years- I can separate my serious posts from all the silliness on tumblr and livejournal and store them here. That would make for easier access and I would have a * legitimate blog*, whatever that means. I will start with my most recent stuff.
You will find feminism and rambling and fandom.
You will find feminism and rambling and fandom.
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